Wear-resistant alloy steel primarily improves performance by adding elements such as Cr, Mo, V, Ti, and rare earth elements to traditional high-manganese steel, with Cr being particularly widely used. During the work hardening process of high-manganese steel, dynamic variational aging is formed, namely C-Mn atom pairs, which have the effect of expanding the clustering of C-Mn ordered atom pairs in high-manganese steel. This article studies the changes in microstructure, structure, resistance, and wear resistance of wear-resistant alloy steel and ordinary high-manganese steel with different tempering temperatures. The results show that wear-resistant alloy steel has better wear resistance than ordinary high-manganese steel under relatively low carbon content conditions. Moreover, the microstructure of alloy high-manganese steel varies with the tempering temperature, and its wear resistance also varies accordingly.

After water quenching treatment, the tempering temperature of wear-resistant alloy steel is gradually increased to 250. The wear amount of alloy high-manganese steel is reduced, and the wear resistance is improved. When the temperature rises from 250 to 350, the wear amount increases slightly, and the wear resistance decreases, but it is better than the wear resistance of the existing water quenching treatment of alloy high-manganese steel. If the temperature continues to rise to 500, the wear amount will continue to increase, and the wear resistance will decrease, which is lower than the wear resistance under water quenching conditions. This further proves the existence of ordered microregions in alloy high-manganese steel.

For ordinary high-manganese steel, as the temperature increases, carbon atoms in the austenite matrix will also move, forming Mn and C-Mn atom pairs. However, due to the relatively weak bond between manganese and carbon atoms, the size of the short-range aligned microregion is relatively small. After tempering at 250, the lattice distortion is recovered to a certain extent. After tempering at 250, the weakening of the solution strengthening effect leads to a slight decrease in wear resistance.

When the tempering temperature continues to rise from 250 to 350, the activity of carbon atoms in alloy high-manganese steel increases with the temperature. At this temperature, carbides will not precipitate after tempering, but the degree of austenite lattice distortion is further reduced, and the solution strengthening effect is weakened. However, carbides have not yet precipitated, so there are still many microregions. Compared with tempering at 250, when the temperature of ordinary high-manganese steel rises to 400, some carbon will precipitate at the diffraction line. Another microregion is in the substructure state before carbide precipitation. This substructure microregion is a carbon-rich region and therefore contains abundant C-Mn ordered atom pairs. The pinning effect of uniformly distributed, dispersed, and incorrectly arranged microregions and dispersed carbides compensates for the weakening of solution strengthening to a certain extent. Therefore, the macroscopic mechanical properties show poor wear resistance. If the temperature continues to rise to 500, wear-resistant alloy steel begins to precipitate carbides, and at this time, the basic lattice constant of austenite has basically returned to normal.